I-3G - inethiwekhi yomakhalekhukhwini yesizukulwane sesithathu isiguqule indlela esixhumana ngayo sisebenzisa amadivaysi eselula.Amanethiwekhi e-4G athuthukisiwe ngamanani edatha angcono kakhulu nolwazi lomsebenzisi.I-5G izokwazi ukuhlinzeka nge-broadband yeselula efinyelela ku-10 gigabits ngomzuzwana nge-latency ephansi yama-millisecond ambalwa.
Uyini umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-4G ne-5G?
Isivinini
Uma kukhulunywa nge-5G, isivinini yinto yokuqala wonke umuntu ayijabulelayo ngobuchwepheshe.Ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe be-LTE buyakwazi ukulinganisa idatha kuze kufike ku-1 GBPS kumanethiwekhi e-4G.Ubuchwepheshe be-5G buzosekela izinga ledatha elifika ku-5 kuya ku-10 GBPS kumadivayisi eselula nangaphezulu kuka-20 GBPS phakathi nokuhlolwa.
I-5G ingasekela izinhlelo zokusebenza eziqinile zedatha ezifana nokusakaza kwe-multimedia ye-4K HD, i-augmented reality (AR) kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-virtual reality (VR).Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusetshenziswa kwamagagasi amamilimitha, izinga ledatha linganyuswa ngaphezu kwe-40 GBPS futhi lize lifike ku-100 GBPS kumanethiwekhi e-5G azayo.
Amagagasi amamilimitha anomkhawulokudonsa obanzi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namabhendi aphansi we-bandwidth asetshenziswa kubuchwepheshe be-4G.Ngomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, izinga eliphezulu ledatha lingafinyelelwa.
Ukubambezeleka
I-Latency igama elisetshenziswa kubuchwepheshe benethiwekhi ukukala ukubambezeleka kwamaphakethe esignali asuka endaweni eyodwa ukuya kwenye.Kumanethiwekhi eselula, kungachazwa njengesikhathi esithathwa amasignali omsakazo ukusuka esiteshini kuya kumadivayisi eselula (UE) futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.
Ukubambezeleka kwenethiwekhi ye-4G kusebangeni lama-millisecond angama-200 kuye kwayi-100.Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-5G, onjiniyela bakwazi ukufeza futhi babonise ukubambezeleka okuphansi kwe-1 kuya ku-3 millisecond.Ukubambezeleka okuphansi kubaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni eziningi ezibucayi zemishini ngakho-ke ubuchwepheshe be-5G bufanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-latency ephansi.
Isibonelo: izimoto ezizishayelayo, ukuhlinzwa okukude, ukusebenza kwe-drone njll…
I-Advanced Technology
Ukuze kuzuzwe izinsizakalo zokubambezeleka ezishesha kakhulu neziphansi, i-5G kufanele isebenzise amagama enethiwekhi athuthukile njengamaza amamilimitha, i-MIMO, i-beamforming, ukuxhumana kwedivayisi kuya kudivayisi kanye nemodi ephindwe kabili.
Ukukhipha i-Wi-Fi kuphinde kube enye indlela ephakanyisiwe ku-5G yokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwedatha nokunciphisa umthwalo eziteshini eziyisisekelo.Amadivaysi eselula angaxhumeka ku-LAN engenantambo etholakalayo futhi enze yonke imisebenzi (izwi nedatha) esikhundleni sokuxhuma eziteshini eziyisisekelo.
Ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe be-4G ne-LTE busebenzisa amasu okushintshashintsha afana ne-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) kanye ne-Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK).Ukuze unqobe okunye ukulinganiselwa ezinhlelweni zokumodulation ze-4G, inqubo ye-Amplitude Phase-Shift Keying ephakeme yesifunda ingenye yokucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe be-5G.
Isakhiwo senethiwekhi
Ezizukulwaneni zangaphambili zamanethiwekhi eselula, iRadio Access Networks itholakala eduze kwesiteshi.Ama-RAN endabuko ayinkimbinkimbi, ingqalasizinda ebizayo edingekayo, ukunakekelwa ngezikhathi ezithile nokusebenza kahle okulinganiselwe.
Ubuchwepheshe be-5G buzosebenzisa i-Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) ukuze busebenze kangcono.Ama-opharetha enethiwekhi angahlinzeka nge-inthanethi eshesha kakhulu kusukela kunethiwekhi yokufinyelela yomsakazo esekelwe kumafu.
I-inthanethi Yezinto
I-inthanethi Yezinto enye igama elikhulu elivame ukuxoxwa ngalo nobuchwepheshe be-5G.I-5G izoxhuma izigidi zezigidi zamadivayisi nezinzwa ezihlakaniphile ku-inthanethi.Ngokungafani nobuchwepheshe be-4G, inethiwekhi ye-5G izokwazi ukuphatha ivolumu yedatha enkulu evela ezinhlelweni eziningi ezifana ne-smart home, i-IoT yezimboni, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuhlakaniphile, amadolobha ahlakaniphile njll…
Okunye ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwe-5G uhlobo lomshini lomshini wokuxhumana.Izimoto ezizimelayo zizobusa imigwaqo yesikhathi esizayo ngosizo lwezinsizakalo ezithuthukisiwe ze-5G ezisezingeni eliphansi.
I-Narrow Band - Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-inthanethi Yezinto (NB - IoT) ezifana nezibani ezihlakaniphile, amamitha ahlakaniphile, nezixazululo zokupaka ezihlakaniphile, imephu yesimo sezulu izosetshenziswa kusetshenziswa inethiwekhi ye-5G.
Izixazululo ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-4G, amadivayisi e-5G azayo azohlinzeka ngezixazululo ezihlala zixhumekile, ezithembeke kakhulu nezisebenza kahle kakhulu.AbakwaQualcomm basanda kwethula imodemu yabo ye-5G yamadivayisi ahlakaniphile namakhompyutha omuntu esikhathi esizayo.
I-5G izokwazi ukuphatha ivolumu yedatha enkulu evela ezigidini zamadivayisi futhi inethiwekhi iyakala ukuze ithuthukiswe.I-4G kanye namanethiwekhi amanje e-LTE anomkhawulo ngokuya ngevolumu yedatha, isivinini, ukubambezeleka kanye nokukaleka kwenethiwekhi.Ubuchwepheshe be-5G buzokwazi ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga futhi bunikeze izixazululo ezingabizi kakhulu kubahlinzeki besevisi nabasebenzisi bokugcina.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-21-2022