“Imvula Yesathelayithi” Engaqondakali: Amasathelayithi e-Starlink LEO angaphezu kuka-500 Alahlekele Emsebenzini Welanga

Isigameko: Ukusuka Ekulahlekeni Okungavamile kuya Emvuleni

Ukukhishwa kwenqwaba yamasathelayithi e-LEO e-Starlink akwenzekanga kungazelelwe. Kusukela kwethulwa uhlelo ngo-2019, ukulahleka kwesathelayithi ekuqaleni bekukuncane (oku-2 ngo-2020), kuhambisana namazinga okuncipha alindelwe. Kodwa-ke, ngo-2021 kwaba nokwehla okukhulu (ukulahlekelwa okungama-78), okulandelwa amazinga aphezulu aqhubekayo (99 ngo-2022, 88 ngo-2023). Le nkinga yanda ngo-2024 lapho kusha amasathelayithi angama-316—izibalo zeminyaka emithathu edlule—okuhlanganisa ukulahlekelwa okungama-583, okulingana nesathelayithi eyodwa elahlekile nsuku zonke noma 1 kwezingu-15 ehluleka ukuqedela umsebenzi wayo.

Umsebenzi Welanga: Umlandu Ongabonakali

Ucwaningo lwe-NASA luqinisekisa ukuhlobana okuqondile phakathi kwe-satellite deorbiting kanye nemijikelezo yelanga. Ukwethulwa kuka-2019 kwaqondana nobuncane belanga, kodwa njengoba umsebenzi welanga ukhula, ukudonsa komkhathi ku-340-550km orbits kukhuphuke ngo> 50% ngesikhathi seziphepho ze-geomagnetic. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho:

1. I-Sunspot-ibangele ama-solar flares/ ama-coronal mass ejections ahlasela umhlaba
2. Iziphepho ze-Geomagnetic zishisa futhi zandise umkhathi ongaphezulu
3. Umkhathi onwetshiwe unyusa ukudonsa, okubangela ukubola kwe-orbital

Indida: Iziphepho Ezibuthakathaka Zifakazela Ukubulala Kakhulu

Ngokuphambene nalokho obekulindelekile, u-70% wokulahlekelwa kwenzeke phakathi neziphepho ze-geomagnetic ezimaphakathi/ezibuthakathaka. Lezi zehlakalo ezithatha isikhathi eside (izinsuku ezihlala njalo/amasonto) kancane kancane ziwohloza imizila edlula ukululama, ngokungafani neziphepho ezinamandla kodwa ezimfushane. Isibonelo esiphawulekayo: amasathelayithi e-Starlink angu-40 kwangu-49 aqalwe ngoFebhuwari 2022 anqotshwa iziphepho ezibuthakathaka eziphikelelayo.

I-Low-Orbit Tradeoffs

Ngenkathi izindlela ze-Starlink zika-550km zinika amandla ukuxhumana okubambezeleka okuphansi, ukusondela kwawo emhlabeni:

1. Ikhawulela impilo yokusebenza ibe iminyaka emi-5 (vs. I-ISS's 400km orbit)
2. Kwenyusa imiphumela yokuhudula ngesikhathi se-solar maxima
3. Ibeka engozini ikakhulukazi amasathelayithi okuhlola ku-210km altitudes

Izinselele Zesikhathi esizayo

Ngamasathelayithi angu->6,000 e-Starlink manje azungeza ngesikhathi sobukhulu belanga—ukuhlangana okungokomlando—ososayensi baxwayisa ngalokhu:

1. Ukuncipha kwesathelayithi okusheshisiwe
2. Ukuncipha kwe-ozone okungaba khona okuvela ekukhishweni kwe-aluminium oxide ngesikhathi sokuphinda kungene i-SpaceX inciphisa ukulahlekelwa ngokuqaliswa kokugcwalisa ngokushesha kanye nezimiso ezizenzakalelayo ze-deorbit, kodwa ukuqina komjikelezo welanga kusalokhu kubalulekile embonini yonke.

Isiphetho

Lo mcimbi ugcizelela ukubusa kwemvelo phezu kobuchwepheshe bomuntu futhi ugqamisa isidingo semiklamo yesistimu ye-LEO ebhekelela imithelela yelanga ejikelezayo.

I-Chengdu Concept Microwave Technology CO., Ltd ingumkhiqizi ochwepheshile wezingxenye ze-5G/6G RF zokuxhumana ngesathelayithi e-China, okuhlanganisa isihlungi se-RF lowpass, isihlungi se-highpass, isihlungi se-bandpass, isihlungi se-notch/i-band stop filter, i-duplexer, isihlukanisi samandla kanye ne-coupler eqondisayo. Zonke zingenziwa ngezifiso ngokuya ngezidingo zakho.

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