Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana kwe-quantum eChina buqhubekele phambili ngezigaba eziningana. Kusukela esigabeni sesifundo neSigaba Sokucwaninga ngo-1995, ngonyaka ka-2000, iChina seliphothule ukusatshalaliswa kokhiye we-quantum. Isikhathi esisuka ngo-2001 kuya ku-2005 sasiyisigaba sokuthuthuka okusheshayo lapho kuphumelwe khona ukuhanjiswa kokhiye we-quantum ophumelele ngaphezulu kwamabanga angama-50 km no-125 km kwaqanjwa [1].
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iChina yenze ukuphumelela okukhulu kokuxhumana kwe-quantum. I-China kwakungokokuqala ukwethula i-satellite yokuhlola yesayensi ye-Quantum, "mincane," futhi yakha umugqa wokuxhumana okuphephile we-Quantum ukusukuma izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha phakathi kweBeijing naseShanghai. I-China yakha ngempumelelo inethiwekhi yokuxhumana ye-quantum ehlanganisiwe evela eMhlabeni yaya emkhathini nge-span ephelele yamakhilomitha angama-4600. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, iChina nayo ithole inqubekela phambili emangalisayo nge-computing ye-quantum. Isibonelo, i-China isungule i-prototype yokuqala yezwe ye-quantum yezwe, yakha ngempumelelo i-computer computing prototype "Jiuzhang" ngama-purotpe angama-76, futhi wakha ngempumelelo i-quatum computing computing prototype "ye-zulu Chongzhi" equkethe imibuzo engama-62.
Ukusetshenziswa kwengxenye nje yokuxhumana ngezinhlelo zokuxhumana ze-quantum zibaluleke kakhulu. Isibonelo, amadivaysi anjenge-actenuators ye-microwave, ama-couplers aqondisayo, abahlukanisi bamandla, izihlungi ze-microwave, amashifu esigaba, ama-isolators we-microwave angasetshenziswa. Lawa madivayisi aqashwa ngokuyinhloko ukucubungula futhi alawule amasiginali we-microwave akhiqizwa ama-quantum bits.
Ama-actenuators we-microwave anganciphisa amandla e-microwave signals ukuvikela ukuphazanyiswa nezinye izingxenye zohlelo ngenxa yamandla esignali ngokweqile. Ama-couplers aqondisayo angahlukanisa amasiginali we-microwave abe izingxenye ezimbili, enza lula ukucubungulwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwesiginali. Izihlungi ze-Microwave zingahlunga amasiginali amaza athile wokuhlaziywa kwesiginali nokucutshungulwa. Abashintshi besigaba bangaguqula isigaba sezimpawu ze-microwave, ezisetshenziselwa ukulawula isimo se-quantum bits. Ama-isolators we-microwave angaqinisekisa ukuthi amasiginali we-microwave asakaza kuphela endaweni eyodwa, ukuvimba ukubuyela emuva kwesiginali nokuphazanyiswa ngohlelo.
Kodwa-ke, lezi ziyingxenye kuphela yezakhi ze-microwave ezingenzeka ezingasetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni kwe-quantum. Izingqinamba ezithile ezizosetshenziswa kuzodingeka zinqunywe ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni nasekuhlolweni kohlelo lokuxhumana lwe-Quantum.
Umqondo uhlinzeka uhla oluphelele lwezakhi ze-passical microwave zokuxhumana ze-quantum
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Isikhathi sePosi: Jun-01-2023